Sex differences in microglial colonization of the developing rat brain

Sex Differences of Parvalbumin-immunoreactive Neurons in the Rat Brain

• During the last two decades numerous studies have proven the existence of sexual dimorphism in the brain of lower vertebrates, birds, and mammals. Differences between males and females have been found in various components of central nervous system (CNS), including volumes of certain nuclei, numbers of neurons and synaptic contacts, size of somata and outgrowths, as well as differences in neu...

Study of sex differences in the expression of β-actin gene in various tissues of the rat

Introduction: Beta-actin is a housekeeping gene, which is used as an internal standard in various biological studies. Recently, it was reported that the expression of commonly used housekeeping genes including ß–actin changes in disease states or under certain experimental conditions. Based on the reports about the effects of sex hormones on the expression of the ß- actin gene, in this study...

Sex differences in the brain.

Expression of purine metabolism-related enzymes by microglial cells in the developing rat brain.

The nucleoside triphosphatase (NTPase), nucleoside diphosphatase (NDPase), 5'-nucleotidase (5'-Nase), and purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNPase) activity has been examined in the cerebral cortex, subcortical white matter, and hippocampus from embryonic day (E)16 to postnatal day (P)18. Microglia display all four purine-related enzymatic activities, but the expression of these enzymatic activi...

The Effects of Female Sex Steroids on Gastric Secretory Responses of Rat Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Objective(s) Gastric ulceration is induced by various forms of stress like surgery, ischemia and trauma. The female sex has more resistance to stress and the gastrointestinal lesions happen fewer than male sex. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of estradiol and progesterone on the gastric acid and pepsin levels following traumatic brain injury (TBI) induction. Materials and M...